GEO 506

Introduction to Geographic Information Systems

Fall 2001

 

          Lecture:    Tuesday, Thursday: 2:00 - 3:20

       Professor:    Douglas Flewelling

                            Office: 151 Wilkeson

                            Phone: 645-2722 ext. 38     E-mail: dougf@geog.buffalo.edu

Office Hours:     Tuesday/Thursday: 11:00 to 12:00, and by appointment

Course Objectives

GEO 506 is an introductory course that covers the development and basic principles of geographic information systems and practical experience in the use of these systems. Geographic information systems cover the technology used to represent observations about the geographic world. The lecture and reading components provide a background on the development of geographic information systems, the organization of such systems and their use. Students will learn to: identify and describe hardware components of a GIS; state differences between databases models; describe and evaluate methods of data capture and sources of data; discuss the nature and characteristics of spatial data; understand typical GIS operations; identify types of GIS products; identify various applications of GIS; and understand differences between raster and vector systems.

The laboratory component of the course provides for direct contact with the analysis of spatial information through the use of the Environmental Systems Research Instituteís ArcGISô desktop GIS.

The course does not require previous course work in computer science, although a familiarity with the fundamentals of computing and familiarity with the Windows NT or Unix operating systems may help.


Outline of Lectures and Readings

Part 1 ñ Groundwork in Geographic Information

What is a system? What is an information system? What makes it geographic?

Origins of Geographic Information Systems

Common applications of GIS

Introduction of key concepts

Overview of the functional components of GIS

Readings

Chapters 1 and 2 in Chrisman

Unwin Handout

Stevens Article

Part 2 ñ Squeezing the world into a computer

The earth is a sphere and computer monitors are flat. Problems? Solutions.

Coordinate systems and map projections

Digitizing, editing and structuring map data: converting one model into another

Data quality and data exchange standards

Raster and Vector data model

Readings

Chapters 3 ñ 5 in Chrisman

Snyder ñ Map Projections Handout

Frank and Kuhn

Mid-Term Exam ñ October 9, 2001

 

Part 3 ñ Spatial Analysis

Distance Relationships

Surfaces and Near Neighbors

Comprehensive Operations

            LocationñAllocation Methods

            Statistical Analysis and GIS

Transformations of Data

Readings

Chapters 6 ñ 9 in Chrisman

Part 4 ñ Implementation and Management of GIS

Evaluation and Implementation

            Systems Analysis

            Implementation Procedures

Social and Institutional Interactions

            Historical and Cultural Context

            Institutional and Social Consequences

Readings

Chapters 10 and 11 in Chrisman

Mid-Term Exam ñ November 15, 2001

Project/Paper (GEO 506) ñ November 29, 2001

Presentations of Papers/Projects ñ November 20 ñ December 6, 2001

Course Bibliography

Texts:

Exploring Geographic Information Systems: 2nd Edition by Nicholas Chrisman, John Wiley & Sons, Inc. 2002.

Getting to Know ArcGIS desktop by Tim Ormsby, et. al., ESRI Press, 2001.

Supplemental Texts:

Fundamentals of Spatial Information Systems by Robert Laurini and Derek Thompson, Academic Press, 1992.

Additional Readings:

Frank and W. Kuhn (1986) Cell Graph: A Provable Correct Method for the Storage of Geometry. in: D. Marble (Ed.), Second International Symposium on Spatial Data Handling, Seattle, WA, pp. 411-436.

Snyder, J. P. (1987). Map ProjectionsóA Working Manual. U. S. Geological Survey Professional Papers. Washington, D.C., United States Government Printing Office.

D. Unwin, 1981. A typology of maps (10 pp.) from Introductory Spatial Analysis, Methuen, London.

Other materials may be assigned as needed.


Class Policies

Grading

Grades will be based on a judgment of overall performance. As a guide, exercises, papers, and exams will contribute to your grade approximately as follows:

Product Delivered                    Portion of Grade

Laboratory Exercises                           35%

Paper/Project                                       15%

Midterm Examination                          20%

Final Examination                               20%

Class Participation/Discussion            10%

Assignments

 

All papers and exercises are to be typed or printed on some word processing configuration. No hand written exercise will be accepted.

 

The practical exercises are designed to supplement the lecture topics and are taught in the Geographic Information and Analysis Lab (GIAL). Exercises will provide an introduction to the procedures involved in completing simple GIS operations. The exercises will be graded on promptness (by 2:15 PM of the due date), completeness, and tidiness. Five points will be deducted for every day an assignment is late. A new day starts at 2:16 PM.

 

Term Project/Paper

 

All students in GEO 506 will complete an extended paper or project. The paper should be an in-depth research paper (10-15 pages) of publication quality. If you choose to do a project, it should be implemented using GIS software available in the department's computer labs and have an accompanying report (5-8 pages) which describes the GIS implementation. The project may be related to your research or on another topic of interest. This paper/project must be approved by the instructor. A proposed topic and outline or project plan are due on October 11th. A bibliography and progress report are due November 8th. The final paper is due November 29th. There will be a short (10 - 15 minutes) oral presentation of the paper or project between November 20th and December 6th, 2001.