Academic Programs
> Graduate > Doctorate (PhD)
PhD with Specialization in: Physical Geography & Environmental Systems
The Department of Geography offers graduate work at the Ph.D. level for students interested in taking courses and conducting research in Physical Geography and Environmental Systems (PhyGES).

PhyGES PhD Program
The PhyGES graduate program focuses on advanced courses and research in:
- Biogeography (forest, conservation and landscape ecology, land cover change),
- Soils (morphology, pedomorphology, agriculture, drainage, salinization, pollution problems, and land development, erosion),
- Geomorphology (river channel forms and processes, drainage basin morphometry, and hillslope hydraulic processes), and
- Environmental Assessment (ecohydrology, earth system science, landscape modeling and assessment with GIS and remote sensing).
PhyGES Research and Teaching Facilities
The departmental facilities include four laboratories for coursework and research in:
- Biogeography Laboratory,
- Geomorphology Laboratory,
- Landscape-based Environmental System Analysis & Modeling (LESAM) Laboratory, and
- Geographic Information and Analysis Laboratory (GIAL).
The Biogeography Laboratory contains equipment to support tree-ring and fossil pollen analyses of forest and landscape ecology. The equipment for fossil pollen analysis includes a Livingstone piston corer, a mini-Glew surface sampler, and a Nikon Labophot microscope. The equipment for tree-ring analyses includes increment borers from 12" to 40" in length, and a Velmex-based tree-ring measurement system.
The department possesses a large Geomorphology Laboratory designed to study the hydraulics and erosion mechanics of overland flow. The laboratory contains two flumes and a rainfall simulator. This facility is intended primarily for graduate student and faculty research.
In addition, the department just reopened a new research laboratory for Landscape-based Environmental System Analysis & Modeling (LESAM). The former soils laboratory allows students to conduct field research including various soil testing experiments in the field and in the lab. The new facilities include an experimental computational platform and database that integrates environmental models with GIS to analyze and model landscape processes.
The Geographic Information and Analysis Lab (GIAL) is a multipurpose computing facility shared by the Department of Geography and the National Center for Geographic Information and Analysis (NCGIA). The laboratory supports the teaching and research needs of student and faculty with site licenses of various GIS, remote sensing and environmental modeling software packages, such as ArcGIS, ArcView, ERDAS, ILWIS, and PCRaster. In addition there are limited number of computers with environmental software for natural resources management and conservation, assessment of processes in earth systems, landscape ecology, soils, geomorphology, and hydrology.
Further field measurement equipment includes a sophisticated electromagnetic current meter, four Price Type AA and Pygmy current meters, a stage recorder, four bed load and suspended sediment samplers, a turbidity meter, and a prefab bridge. In addition, there are a variety of surveying instruments, such as theodolites, transits, automatic levels, and Abney levels.
PhyGES graduate course requirements
The PhyGES faculty offers (in addition to the undergraduate courses) a range of graduate courses in soils, geomorphology, biogeography and environmental assessment (course requirements and options are listed below). Students who wish to apply for the graduate PhyGES program are required to consult initially with one of the PhyGES advisors given below as soon as the decision is made to map out the plan of study and research.
While the detailed course sequence will be worked out for each graduate student, usually nine to twelve credits are taken during the first term and are selected from the following courses
Required PhyGES Core Courses
____ GEO 500 Introduction to Graduate Geography (3) ____ GEO 501 Research Design (1) ____ GEO 505 Univariate Statistics in Geography (4)
Elective PhyGES Courses
____ GEO 515 Conservation Biogeography ____ GEO 544 Environmental Change ____ GEO 547 Advanced Earth Systems Science ____ GEO 549 Fluvial Geomorphology ____ GEO 561 Ecohydrology ____ GEO 570 Integrated Watershed Management ____ GEO 575 Landscape Modeling with GIS
Other Geography Electives
____ GEO 506 Geographic Information Systems ____ GEO 553 Remote Sensing ____ GEO 559 GIS & Environmental Modeling ____ GEO 591 Intro to GIScience ____ GEO 594 Geographic Information and Society ____ GEO 595 Database Design for GIS ____ GEO 597 Geostatistics ____ GEO 605 Spatial Statistics ____ GEO 655 Advanced Topics in GIS
Admission Requirements
- Bachelor's degree
- Good GRE and TOEFL scores
- Three letters of reference
- Online application at www.gradmit.buffalo.edu
PhysGES Faculty and Main Specialties
Sean Bennett, Professor: Sediment transport and gully erosion, seanb@buffalo.edu
Chris Larsen, Associate Professor: Landscape ecology/vegetation dynamics, larsen@buffalo.edu
Scott Mackay, Associate Professor: Ecohydrology and land surface hydrology, dsmackay@buffalo.edu
Chris Renschler, Associate Professor: GIScience & environmental modeling, rensch@buffalo.edu